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Different types of sculptures can be divided into metal, glass, clay, wood, plastic and gypsum sculptures according to their materials . Ceramic sculptures of different colors have also been used in recent years . Sculpting wires using steel and wires for indoors and outdoors are also there with the creation of artworks of animals . In this way, subjects are made in real or larger size, and the maintenance of the works displayed in personal collections takes place.
In this regard , the materials of the statues were varied and varied over the course of history . These materials include classic materials with extraordinary durability of metal, especially bronze, stone and pottery, precious materials such as gold, silver and elephant ivory, which are often used for small luxury tools and rarely, in large objects. There are also cheaper common materials, such as oak and walnut hardwoods, to make sculptures.
In the past, metal statues were commonly used for the beauty of cities, and sculptors made metal symbols of citizens and celebrities, often seen in city squares. Accordingly, sculpture in large corpus with metal was done by casting and molding of a cloth or a few pieces, and the final design of the sculpture was formed. Currently, modern sculpture with metal has found a special shape and icon and the use of recycled metals has attracted the attention of sculptors. In modern sculpture, the variety of raw material selection is enormous and using metal or even metal scraps, the construction of metal sculptures is considered attractive and artistic. Now, in the periods of making sculpture with metal, topics such as recognizing the tools of working with metal and its application, recognizing metal and its types, creativity with metal, calculating and implementing metal volumes and teaching the construction of its types are taught to those interested in this field .
Despite the importance, application, diversity and attractiveness of metals in the construction of sculptures, creation and design of modern metal sculptures in Iran in today's sense, it is not very old . According to experts in this field, the construction of metal sculptures is a combination of different professions and arts such as design, molding and metalworking. In fact, to make a metal sculpture, relatively fine pieces of metal, such as puzzle pieces, must be put together to achieve the desired shape and icon.
Cutting iron waste and pasting them together to convert them into sculptures in the past years to cutting parts by laser machines with the required dimensions and making large sculptures of different sizes, in recent years, some of the measures taken inside Iran, in the field of metal sculpture construction method.
In other words, the method of making metal sculptures, which, unlike many visual arts, is not based on color, has its own characteristics.
In Egypt, many sculptures are made with metal, beautiful sculptures of Greece and Rome are often made of bronze, and copper has a major stake in ancient American civilizations. One of the reasons for the use of metals in sculpture, especially decorative sculptures, is their long-term maintenance. Therefore, these sculptures should be more robust and robust than other decorative tools. One of the most important decisions of individuals or organizations to buy metal sculptures is the type of material used in making it. Metal sculptures are usually made with pieces of metal and shaped by heat . These sculptures are very resistant to decorative statues . To make sculptures, most of the metals are silver, brass, tin, copper, lead, iron, bronze and even gold .
Iron, as one of the metals used in sculpture, is not entirely pure and is a combination of silicon, sulfur, carbon and phosphorus . In this regard, cast iron, wrought and steel are three types of iron that cast iron has the highest and wrought, the lowest amount of carbon. Since objects made of iron rust against moisture, it should be combined with non-oxide materials such as tin, zinc and rice .
About the application of iron types mentioned in sculpture, it should be said that cast iron breaks easily because it has large amounts of carbon, but it does not bend and due to the rough texture, it is not very usable in the manufacture of metal sculptures. Wrought because it has less carbon and softer, it is used in the construction of sculptures and can be painted and used for affordable tools . Steel is suitable for sculpture because it has cast iron and iron properties both and its hardness is placed between the two metals, and because of its gloss, it is a good metal for sculpture.
Stainless steel, which is made from alloying about 10 to 20% chromium with steel, with high corrosion resistance and hardness, is one of the most resistant metal materials on the market . Beautiful sculptures are made of polished stainless steel . In the early 1930s, when 300 series steel alloys were used in the construction industry, this inspired sculptors . Steel's history in the sculpture industry indicates that it is economically cost effective in all stages of processing, manufacturing and maintenance. In addition to economic dimension , steel is also applicable in terms of beauty in the construction of sculptures .
It is a widely used metal in sculpture that is found in pure form . This metal is used because of its flexibility in the manufacture and design of metal sculptures.
In addition to copper, tin is also used due to its cheapness, beauty, availability and flexibility in making various sculptures and artworks. In this regard, the first tin-made artworks and sculptures date back five centuries in Spain.
It is a bright, soft and flexible yellow metal that can be converted into sheets for tubing and can be easily hammered and sculpted or sculpted in desired shapes. Of course, due to blackness or stain over time, it needs polishing to maintain its brilliance and attractiveness.
Bronze is one of the most popular metals in the field and sculptures are linked to it, despite the abundant use of metals in sculpture. The durability and strength of bronze in sculpture, its anti-corrosion properties and hardness to iron, various forms and shapes, attractive and beautiful, and for this reason, has gained a lot of fans. Bronze sculptures are shaped and shaped by molding method and are available in different sizes . A very small size is suitable for the wall shelf of the house and the large size is suitable for on the ground or the high surface of the fixtures in the decoration. The positive tip of bronze statues is the high resistance to other statues and statues .
Currently, usually modern sculptures with two different materials include sculptures whose base is fiberglass and colorless metal sculptures are made . However, due to the growing price of iron sheets, making metal sculptures is not so affordable. The same has pushed modern sculpture towards fiberglass . Fiberglass is a composite of glass fibers and polymer materials that glass wool is used in the role of its reinforcing material and polymer materials in the role of its underlying material. Fiberglass sheets are composed of polyester resin, glass fibers, paints and other materials. Now composites or fiberglass pieces are the first to be used in various industries and have fiberglass artworks such as sculptures, features such as low weight, high strength, considerable durability, corrosion resistance, good stability against harmful rays, chemical resistance, speed and comfort in production. Also buy or order the construction of modern sculptures with various fiberglass designs compared to sculptures made of stone, wood, etc. Often cheaper . In addition, the use of fiberglass for sculptures or visual elements does not limit form and dimensions and is the best option for the sculpture to run .
Ahan Pouya with more than a decade of best-selling experience, adheres to professional and ethical principles in the field of selling and buying at inside and outside the borders of Iran, helping you in the steel industry.
