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Acids in the linear range have a pH less than 7. An acid is actually a positive hydrogen molecule or ion that is able to lose a proton or its H + and form a covalent bond with an electron pair. The higher acidity means having higher concentrations of positively charged hydrogen ions . Acids are corrosive, They are also used to change the color of detectors and neutralize bases. If there are more than one acidic hydrogen and they are separated sequentially, it is a multi-proton acid, and if it has an acidic hydrogen, it is a single proton acid. there are several definitions of acid .
Acids are divided into strong and weak acids based on the protons they give to the aqueous solvent. They examine the power of an acid with its acid dissociation constant.
A strong acid is an acid that, when dissolved in a solvent, gives its protons completely to the solvent and is actually completely dissociated. That is, in reaction, move the balance to the right. These acids have a large or constant acid resolution. Strong acids are completely ionized in water and produce hydronium ions (H3O +).
A weak acid is an acid that, when dissolved in a solvent, does not completely dissolve its protons and does not actually dissolve completely. That is, it reacts in part. It should be noted that all organic acids are weak acids. Weak acids have lower dissociation constants and smaller ka.
Acids have different uses. Acids are often used to remove rust and prevent corrosion of metals known as glazes. They may be used as an electrolyte in battery wet cells such as sulfuric acid in car batteries.
In the chemical industry , the acids react to the reaction of salt to salt production . Acids are used as a supplement to beverages and foods because they change their taste And act as preservatives. Acids are also used as industrial and organic chemical catalysts.
Sulfuric acid is a very strong mineral acid Known as sulfur ink, hydrogen sulfate and sulfuric acid, it has a molecular formula (H2SO4). sulfuric acid has a ph 5.0 . therefore , it can be solved by any ratio in the water . It is a viscous liquid and has a high viscosity. sulfuric acid is a common chemical element . It is used in detergents, paints, chemical fertilizer plants, ammunition, plating, metal extraction, chemical syntheses, oil refineries, battery making, traction, chemical industries, oil purification, industrial wastewater treatment and industry Textile is used.
Acetic acid is known as ethanoic acid, grape essence, vinegar essence, ethyl acid, methane carboxylic acid, hydrogen acetate, acetyl acid and vinegar. It is one of the simplest carboxylic acids and an important industrial chemical reagent used in the production of plastic soft drink bottles, photographic film, polyvinyl acetate for wood glue, as well as many synthetic fibers and fabrics.
Formic acid is known by various names of ant ink, methanoic acid and has a chemical formula (HCOOH). It is the simplest member of carboxylic acids and the only carboxylic acid capable of participating in additive reactions with alkenes. formic acid is well mixed with water and most polar organic solvents and the ability to dissolve in hydrocarbons . formic acid is used in textile , livestock , disinfection and prevention of food spoilage .
Nitric acid is known as azotic acid, hydrogen nitrate, azotic acid, saline ink, nitric acid and has a chemical formula (HNO3). Nitric acid is a strong acid with high oxidizing properties. this material has the ability to dissolve in water. The pH is equal to 1 . Nitric acid is used to refine metals such as gold and platinum, to produce nitrogen fertilizers, to the plastics industry, to produce explosives, to run liquid rocket fuel, to produce paints, to produce drugs, and to produce acid.
Boric acid is a mild acid It is known by various names of boric acid, orthoboric acid, hydrogen borate and Louis boric acid and has the chemical formula H3BO3 or B (OH) 3. this material has the ability to solubility in water . Boric acid is prepared by the reaction of borax with a mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid. boric acid is used in agricultural industry , curry , medicinal , ceramic , ceramic , pesticides , pesticides , etc.
Benzoic acid is known as benzoic acid and phenyl carboxylic acid And has the chemical formula C6H5COOH or C7H6O2. It is produced by the partial oxidation of toluene by oxygen. This weak acid is the simplest carboxylic aromatic acid and is the aromatic carboxylic acid.
Hydrochloric acid with different names known as hydrogen chloride, moriatic acid, salt spirits, hydrochloric acid, hydrochloric acid, salt ink, hydrochloric acid And has the chemical formula HCl. Rick chloride gas is colorless, pungent, and heavier than air. it is easily converted into a liquid and produces an acidic liquid . hydrochloric acid is a strong acid . this acid is soluble in water . This material is used in the production of various chemicals, acid washing of metals, construction, leather making, purification, etc.
Citric acid, known as lemon essence, 2-hydroxypropane and 1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, is known as a weak organic acid and has the chemical formula C6H8O7. this acid has three carboxyl groups. Citric acid ion is known as citrate. It is used to control the pH of the environment.
Another name for soybean fatty acid is sodium phosphoric acid. This acid is derived from the refinement of soy oil . Applications include paints, alkyd resins, biofuels, lubricants, greases, emulsifiers, cosmetics, cleaners, chemicals, rubber, pharmaceuticals and other industrial sectors.
Sulfonic acid is known by various names as sulfanilic acid, p-amino benzene sulfonic acid, p-aminophenyl sulfonic acid, 4-amino benzene And has a chemical formula (C6H7NO3S). Sulfonic acid is also used as a cleanser and emulsifier in various industries. It is a water-soluble acid.
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